To torment the wood? The name of the stain needed to change its color is consonant with the word "stain". People call exhaustion, torment. However, the name of the stain is more connected with fruit and berry wine used in Soviet times.
It's about drinks from plum juice, currant. Why these wines were called stains is not clear. An analogy with the compositions for processing wood was carried out thanks to the color. In Soviet times, furniture from red wood was popular.
Cherry is the color of most berry wines and stains of the past. Now the palette of compositions for wood has been expanded. The range of species of stains has also expanded. We study modern realities.
Types and properties of stains
Stain in the photo, as in stores, appears in the form of powder, or liquid. Dry formulations are also diluted before use. The initial lack of water reduces the cost of the mixture and allows you to purchase large volumes in convenient packaging made of polyethylene and low weight category.
A liter of liquid stain is enough to process a smaller area than a kilogram of powder. In diluted form, this is already a few liters. The main classification of stains is associated with the nuances of their composition:
- Wax stains. The wax in their base not only tightly clogs the pores of the tree, but also covers it with a thin layer on top, giving an additional texture. Overflows of color only emphasize it, because the paint does not go to bed unevenly. Where the tree is filled with natural resins, the pigment has nowhere to stand. In other areas, stain, on the contrary, takes over the space. That is why a pronounced pattern appears. Wax strengthens it not only voluminously, but also with shine.
Penetration inside the board in wax formulations is small. Category stains lie down superficially and are afraid of acids. This is one of the reasons for the prohibition of waxing with two-component varnish.
Also, polyurethane paints are not applied on top of the stain class. However, waxes do not need additional coating. All that is needed is a periodic update of the stain layer.
- Acrylic Stains. They are based on the resin. Get them by polymerizing meta-acrylic monomers. On resins alone, the stain comes out dense. The fluidity is achieved by adding water. Acrylic, like wax, covers the wood with a protective film. It is waterproof, in addition, has antiseptic properties. There is no need for additional surface protection in the form, for example, varnish.
Stain with acrylic do not wear off over time, like wax, and penetrate deeper into the tree. Also, the compositions of the category delight with the breadth of the color spectrum. It is among acrylic stains that bright options are often found. Color can be matte or glossy.
Acrylic and wax stains are almost odorless and do not change the structure of the tree. This allows you to work with pickling at home, private workshops. Outside the premises, it is recommended to take out the wood processed:
- Oil stains. In its original form, it was made on the basis of extracts of flax and cotton. However, the high cost of natural oils has "let in" stains with white spirit. This is a synthetic mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons. The composition is toxic, with a pungent odor.
Oil stains penetrate deep into the wood. On the surface of the boards, the mixture “eats” the relief. The color of the oiled stain lies as even as possible, without obvious stains.
Primary stain colors
Protection in the form of a top coat of varnish is required. Without it, tinting oil can be produced only on the basis of natural extracts. Usually, it is boiled, that is, condensed, linseed oil.
The same is added to high-quality oil paints for art paintings. So, the treated wood is as resistant to moisture as sound canvas with landscapes on still lifes.
- Alcohol stains. In addition to dye, they have a lot of ethyl alcohol. It has a pronounced smell, but quickly disappears, leaving only coloring pigment in the pores of the tree. Before weathering, the alcohol manages to disinfect the rock.
Alcohol stains penetrate deeper than others. Linden boards, for example, pigment can pass through. In hardwood, the result, of course, will be smaller, but also impressive. In this case, the stain dries quickly. Alcohol disappears.
- Nitromilkami. These include liquid solvents. By the nature of the action and coloring of the rocks are similar to alcohol, but dangerous to the skin. Solvents and solvents to corrode surfaces. The structure of the nitromorilka tree is also “whipped up”.
Smell nitrometers inherited from the Nitro paint. Its “aroma” is capable of causing both migraine and vomiting. It smells like dioxane-1.4. It is he who acts as a solvent for the pigment in the paint and stain. Synthetic ether is obtained. They spend the product not only on paints and stains, but also cellulose varnishes.
- Water stains. In such only dye and water. The latter evaporates longer than alcohol. The wood has time to swell. The effect is especially pronounced if the "guns" are not removed from the surface. Water stains ruffle him. On the surface of the tree turns wet gruel. This prevents drying out and does not allow the color to lie evenly. Therefore, the "guns" of the tree are moistened before using the stain and removed with abrasives such as fine sandpaper. Applying a coloring composition is the next step.
Many people add water solutions to best stains. Here, indeed, entrance exams are not needed. In terms of environmental friendliness, water mixtures come first. However, without polymers, waxes and oils, the pigment can be washed.
Penetration of water stains is not as deep as that of alcohol. Only the upper layers are painted, but the consumption of the mixtures is small. The range of shades, however, is wide, but only in natural colors. Can find Stain “Oak”, "Maple", "Rosewood".
In addition to the composition, the reason for the classification of stains is their structure. In addition to liquids, for example, there are stain gels. These are suitable for loose wood species. In them, a thick gel penetrates easily.
For dense wood, only stain solutions are taken, or they are made independently from powder. There is a snag. Ethyl alcohol for alcohol variations, for example, needs 96 percent.
Where is the guarantee that purchased separately will be just that? Manufacturers of wood stains know reliable suppliers. Deviations in percent alcohol are not allowed. Therefore, experts advise buying, and not cooking stains on their own.
Preparation before applying stain
But everyone can apply solutions and powders without the help of specialists. How to do this, we will tell in the next chapter. In the meantime, we also mention stains-varnishes. They do not require a protective coating, since they already include it in their composition. As a rule, stain-varnishes are alcohol, because they contain wine alcohol. The rest is pigment and resins.
Stain Application
White stain or color is applied by brush, spray gun, cloth. Inventory is selected depending on the type of mixture. It is customary to smear fluids with a brush, or spray from a spray gun.
The latter is mechanical, hydraulic, electric. The device sprays a coloring composition. If the wood is embossed, the solution may lie unevenly. It’s better to work with a brush.
Rubbing wax stains with a cloth. By the way, perfumes are often added to them. The dye mass may smell like citrus, or peach. In general, working with a wax stain is a pleasure, you need to evenly rub the mixture into the surface of the wood.
It confuses only the price of the product, but more on that in the final chapter. Not only furniture, wooden crafts and pencils are stained. Parquet can also be transformed. Already processed, it is 30 percent more expensive. Soil and ceiling beams.
They give the home a touch of "antiquity", correspond to the styles of "country", "chalet". As you can see, it is not necessary to bring precious wood from across the sea, because it is customary to make beams dark against a light background. Enough to beat local breeds.
Price stains and reviews about them
Buy stain water type can be for 20, but you can also for 1080 rubles. The price depends on the name of the manufacturer, volume, type of solution. It can be ordinary, or concentrated. The latter is an intermediate stage between liquid stain and powder.
It is clear that the concentrate is more expensive than a simple solution. Also, the price of the stain is added by its foreign origin. Domestic offers are also at 20 rubles per 500 milliliters.
Alcohol stains, as a rule, are 20 percent more expensive than water. Nitro compounds also stand. For half a liter they ask from 150 to 600 rubles. For acrylic stains, you have to give from 200 rubles for 0.5 liters.
By the way, there are transparent mixtures. These only protect the tree and emphasize the texture, but do not stain it. The price of a pound of wax stain starts at 300 rubles. A little less asking for oil dyes based on natural plant marc.
Price must be consistent with quality. This is discussed by consumers on the Internet, giving reviews about specific stains of specific manufacturers. However, getting acquainted with the information, it is worth considering the correct choice of the mixture.
Some hayut the stain just because they picked it up for unsuitable wood. It has already been said that even the best gel will not penetrate a dense oak, and even the wax will cover it only from above.
What is wood stain
The story of the appearance of a water-borne tinting solution for wood processing - stains - has its roots in hoary antiquity. In the middle of the nineteenth century, it was first made in Germany from loose, humus-rich rock mined near Cologne. The coloring properties of the "Cologne land" were discovered by chance. A liquid aqueous solution of "magic" soil, applied to paper or wood, stained them in a rich brown color. Since its reserves were very scarce, today for the manufacture of stains are used natural organic substances - coal and oil.
The main advantages of a water-based stain and its main advantages over oil paints and paints based on chemical solvents are
- naturalness
- lack of toxic additives
- simplicity and ease of use,
- excellent adhesion to wood,
- excellent result with minimal cash investment, which is important for painting large areas.
The variety of species and the breadth of the price range make it possible to profitably buy a stain in the TBM Market online store and finish the entire wooden house or summer house without significant material costs.
Made in industrial conditions, steys has excellent operational characteristics. It has a disinfecting effect and significantly prolong the life of wooden products. Toning a tree with a stain is a convenient and simple technology that any home craftsman can master.
Types and features of water-based stains
Environmentally friendly water stains are among the most popular. Depending on the conditions of use, they are divided into two groups: for external and internal use. It is very important. Since the color fastness of the stained surface depends on the right choice. The main requirement for stains for outdoor use is high resistance to ultraviolet rays and the aggressive effects of rainfall.
From its counterparts, created on an oil and chemical basis, water stain for wood is different
- a variety of color palettes,
- universality of application for any kind of wood from poplar to noble oak and beech,
- hypoallergenic
- ease of use
- low cost.
Water stain, used for interior decoration, is always in high demand among professionals and home craftsmen. With it, you can safely work in enclosed spaces even at a temperature of + 30-40 ° C. The low price allows to achieve a greater effect and clarity of the picture not to save material, cover the surface several times, waiting until the previous layer dries well. And here you should not rush.
When working with stain, you should always remember that it takes at least 12-14 hours to completely dry the layer. This fact is especially important to consider if in the future the surface will be varnished.
A wood stain is widely used for processing wood panels, furniture, windows and doors in
- residential houses, cottages, libraries and other public places,
- health-improving and hotel complexes,
- sanatoriums, recreation centers, child care facilities.
Having at hand a jar of stain BG 20008 or BG 20009, you can not only update, but also change the outdated interior beyond recognition. Buying new furniture or changing doors is completely optional. At TBM Market you can buy any type of ready-to-use water stain for a wide range of applications at a reasonable affordable price.
Stain treatment methods
In order to give greater decorativeness and aesthetics to wood products, when processing stains should adhere to certain rules and techniques.
An important role as the final result is played by the tools with which the application of the coloring matter will be carried out. And in this situation, water stains also have some superiority. If for quick-drying compositions for alcohol you need a spray gun, and for elite acrylics you need a wide brush with natural bristles, for them it is enough to stock up with an inexpensive foam roller or a brush with synthetic bristles. For small surfaces, a simple foam rubber swab is also suitable.
When working with a brush, it is very important not to go to neighboring areas already painted with stain. Failure to follow this simple rule can cause uneven color, stripes and spots.
Today, there are two generally accepted methods for treating wood with wood stain:
- Abundant application of the composition followed by removal of excess fluid with a swab.
- Abundant application of the coloring matter without removing excess.
The processing method of the first method is in demand for wood stains. It allows you to remove smudges and stains, smooth out color transitions, and achieve the desired lighter shade.
The second method is relevant for solvent stains that provide deep saturated tones. Although sometimes in the process you also have to remove excess composition in order to prevent the formation of defects.
Finishing wooden surfaces with stain: tips from TBM Market specialists
In order for the result to please, before starting the finishing work, it is necessary to remember the simple rules of wood processing:
- To increase the penetration depth into the tree and improve adhesion to the surface, the composition should be slightly warmed up to a temperature of 36-38 ° С.
- The stain can be applied in different ways: rub in a circular motion with a tampon and longitudinal - with a roller and brush.
- Wipe off surplus without fail only along the fibers.
- To avoid blots and sagging, do not dip the brush or swab into the solution.
- Do not apply the second layer of the composition to the dry first.
- The ends and sections of the tree, actively absorbing the composition, must be subjected to more intensive processing.
- The vertical surfaces of doors, panels, walls should be covered, starting from the bottom, so that smudges do not soak into unpainted wood.
- The application of layers is permissible to repeat several times to obtain the desired tone.
The ability to give the boards a fashionable aged look is one of the additional advantages of a water stain. The effect of achieving vintage antiquity begins with the application of a stain on the treated surface as the main background. Without letting it dry, in the right places where the imitation of scuffs will be placed, it is necessary to quickly wipe the dye. After complete drying, apply the next coat.
The battered surfaces of wooden arbors, benches, garden furniture are often slightly burned with a gas burner, which gives them a more vivid interesting look and enhances the manifestation of texture. Firing is only allowed after the stain has completely dried. Then the surface is cleaned with a stiff shoe brush and varnished.
How to prepare a wooden surface for decoration
The beauty and aesthetics of the finish depends not only on the quality of the stain, but also on a properly prepared surface. It should be smooth, silky, without scratches and other defects. Preparing for soaking includes:
- thorough cleaning of wooden objects from dust, dirt, grease stains,
- removal of old paintwork,
- sanding and grinding,
- test staining.
It is important for the home craftsman to know that grinding is always done along the fibers. At the first stage, medium-sized sandpaper No. 120 is used for sanding; at the second, fine No. 220 is used. If furniture or other details are made of coniferous wood, they must be tarred with a special compound. Stains of fat are removed with a cloth moistened with alcohol or white spirit. Traces of wood glue are easily washed off with hot water.
When the first three conditions for preparation for staining are fulfilled, it is necessary to make a trial staining on a separate piece of the board, which will help to choose the right color and its intensity.
Putting stains on a dry, clean and smooth surface is the key to a beautiful, beautiful finish.
Choice of the desired shade
The opportunity to experiment with shades opens up broad prospects for the implementation of the most daring design projects. Today in the TBM Market you can inexpensively buy ready-to-use stains of dark and light colors in the color of oak, alder, walnut and others. But on products from different species of wood, the same type of stain can look different. The result depends on the structure and density of wood, its chemical composition. That is why, after the purchase, the material should be tested on the invisible sections of the surface to be treated or on a separate board.
Test coloring is an important point in helping to choose the right color and shade of the coating. How to make it better? The easiest way is to compare:
- First, the first layer of stain should be applied to the board selected as the sample.
- After waiting for complete drying, cover 2 3 of the board with a second layer.
- Then, in the same scenario, 1 3 paint over a third time.
Thus, you can see the difference in the intensity of staining with a different number of layers and choose the appropriate option. This method often helps in the case when the furniture or decoration of the room is combined from different materials, for example, from solid wood and plywood.
Solid pieces of wood after staining with wood stain look darker, therefore, to align the color on the plywood parts will have to apply more layers. Deciduous trees absorb more coloring composition, less conifers.
A skillful combination of shades allows you to realize any creative fantasies. With the help of correctly selected tones, you can give a rich look of mahogany to products from birch, ash, pear, linden and alder. The same wood is ideal for simulating a nut.
In the TBM Market specialized store, you can select the preferred shade of stain from the catalog and evaluate the result of future decoration from the photo.
Defect Management
The most common defects that significantly spoil the quality of the stain finish are spots and sagging. Most often, they accompany the actions of beginners and careless masters who forget that a small amount of stain on the hands and applying a thin layer of coating is the best way to prevent smudges and the formation of blots. Correcting annoying errors is much more difficult than avoiding them.
It is impossible to wash stains from wood stains, therefore, the elimination of defects is carried out using sandpaper or a plane. By carefully removing fine chips and smoothing the transitions on the problem area, you can get rid of flaws.
Deficiencies in the finish can also arise as a result of poor-quality preparation of a wooden surface. A good stain will not decorate furniture or other wood products with poorly polished, remaining grease and tar spots. The work will have to start from scratch, from there with preparation for staining.
To make your efforts successful, when buying a stain in the TBM Market online store, ask questions to a company specialist. He will advise, prompt, help to deal with the intricacies of staining and make a choice.
Trituration
When rubbing, the stain is applied to the wood, and then it is evenly rubbed over the entire area, thus obtaining a coating with a pronounced texture of the wood. This method of applying stains looks very nice on porous wood. In this case, stains with a relatively long drying time are better suited.
Features
Everyone knows the fact that products made of wood are very strong, durable and practical. But a tree can be affected by adverse factors. To save the surface and not bring it to destruction, painting is often used. When applying paint on the surfaces, a dense layer is formed, while the texture of the product is not visible, which may not be pleasant to everyone.
To give wood surfaces an interesting shade and to prevent them from wear, a stain is used, this tool is one of the most popular.
If the wooden surfaces are exposed to air for a long time, they may fade under the sun, wash out during heavy rains, and, as a result, deformation occurs. Sometimes the tree becomes moldy and begins to rot; pathogenic bacteria and insects can settle inside. All these adverse factors can lead to the gradual destruction of the wooden surface.
When using stains, you can not only prevent damage to the tree, but also achieve excellent visual effect. Having processed an old product with a stain, you can update it, giving it the right shade, thanks to the coloring pigment, change the shade of the surface, choosing the necessary option.
Having treated the surface with a stain, they ennoble simple surfaces, for example, from pine, giving them a more interesting look like walnut or oak. The surface is covered not only with familiar colors, you can often see products for the application of which blue, yellow, orange color was used.
One only has to spend a little time on applying a layer of stain, and the usual product turns into an original little thing. So, from a regular chest you can make a stylish thing that will look as if this chest is a hundred years old, such items can decorate the interior and give the room a special charm.
There are many shades of composition: stains are produced, intended not only for staining, but also for whitening the surface. You should study the matter in detail and get acquainted on what surfaces they are used, how they are bred and how to apply such a tool.
Stain is also called stain, they are used both indoors and outdoors. The beits are divided into groups according to their chemical composition.
Water
The most common is water stain, it is made on a water basis. Thanks to water impregnations, you can give the product interesting woody shades. When working with this tool, you need to consider that during application, fibers begin to rise on the surface, which will be exposed to moisture.
To avoid this, the surface is wetted with water and sanded with sandpaper. Only after these manipulations can you put a stain, now the fibers will not rise.
Alcohol
Alcohol formulations are based on aniline dyes, which are dissolved using denatured alcohol. In construction stores, you can buy a stain in powder or a composition that is already ready for use.
A feature of alcohol stains is their ability to dry out very quickly, this often leads to the formation of spots. Just two hours after application, the surface is completely dry.
Oil
Oil stains are considered the most convenient to use, they are easy to apply on any surface. Unlike other options, oil impregnations have the most interesting colors, a large selection of shades.
Acrylic and Wax
Considering all the shortcomings that were inherent in other generations of beits, acrylic and wax stains were created that give the products bright colors, protect the surface from adverse factors. For those who love new products and prefer exotic, this type of stain is very useful, because thanks to its application it is possible to give the product unusual shades. Kitchen furniture with a blue wood texture will look very original.
Unfortunately, the price of such materials differs from similar options, it can be 5-6 times higher than the price of a water stain. But if the price does not play a decisive role, it is better to dwell on this option, taking into account the advantages of the composition.
In addition to store options, there are stains that are made independently. For the preparation of such beets use various plants, decoctions of the bark, onion husks, and also add tea, coffee, vinegar. It is worth stopping on this issue and finding out which ingredients are used, and which one can get the final result with self-cooking beets.
Stains that are made on the basis of decoctions of plants:
- to give a reddish hue on a wooden surface, use a decoction of larch bark, and instead of this decoction, you can use onion husks
- to get a bright tone, a decoction of ground walnut shells is suitable,
- Often black color is used for products, in order to get such a shade they take a decoction of willow and alder bark,
- to obtain a golden yellow tint, take a decoction of unripe buckthorn berries.
Beyts can be made on the basis of tea, coffee and vinegar.
- To obtain a brown tint, brewed strong coffee with the addition of baking soda is used.
- For those who prefer tea instead of coffee, we offer another option using tea leaves. The color after the application depends on how strong the tea will be. To achieve greater blackening, light breeds of trees are covered with tea leaves, the tannins in the tea will provide the desired color for the product.
- To get the effect of ebony, make a mixture of vinegar and metal. For its manufacture, small parts from iron are taken, which are filled with vinegar. This solution is put in a dark place for a period of 2 to 7 days, depending on the intensity of the shade that is planned to be obtained. When working with vinegar, it should be remembered that it has a very pungent odor, so they are applied with open windows or in the yard.
- You can give the product a dark brown or cherry shade using a solution of potassium permanganate. To prepare it, take 50 g of potassium permanganate and diluted in 1 liter of water. After preparing the composition, it is applied to wood. After a few minutes, wipe the surface with a sponge. For a more intense color, apply another layer. After this treatment, the products are covered with protective compounds so that potassium permanganate does not fade in the sun.
In addition, dry stain is also used to process wooden surfaces.
Scope of application
Use stain for wood products, particleboard. Suitable protective composition for the processing of plywood, parquet and wooden floors, coatings from lining, wooden furniture. The new floor, parquet or walls from the lining after staining and subsequent coating with varnish will look very beautiful.
On a new surface, the solution will lie very well, regardless of composition. For old coatings, preliminary preparation and removal of the previous coating is required.
It is worth noting that stain is also used for painting unpainted skin. The material penetrates deeply into the skin, and does not remain on the surface, as when applying special paints. Leather products coated with stain will be more resistant to mechanical stress. If you dye your skin with a stain, you get not very bright transparent tones.
The color of the product will depend on the choice of material. Water-based fighters will not give such a saturated and bright color as oil or alcohol stains can give. More often, an oil composition is chosen for the skin, because after such a treatment the skin changes its stiffness. When applying alcohol stains, you need to take into account that it dries very quickly, and with poor quality application, borders will be visible.
Often stains are used by lovers of weaving baskets from newspapers. It is not always possible to weave baskets from vines, so instead of natural materials use newspaper tubes. To give the newspaper the color of a natural vine, experienced craftsmen take an alcohol stain. When mixing and combining the colors of the beets, completely unexpected shades can be achieved.
Properties of stains:
- promotes a change in the color and texture of wooden products, after applying the product, the drawing is not painted over, and the product receives a new interesting shade,
- protects furniture and other wooden products from destruction by insects, prevents the development of mold,
- helps to extend the life of the product, in addition, the cost of such a tool is much lower than that of paint or varnish.
- deeply penetrates the structure of the tree.
- when covering inexpensive tree species, you can get a product that will look much more expensive and spectacular.
- protects the surface from moisture.
- clarification of the material, it is usually used if it is planned to paint the surface.
Price and reviews
Water To buy a stain possible in any hardware store for the price of 30 p. for 500 ml. The best stainjudging by the reviews, it is considered an acrylic group. Stain Price the same capacity - 78, 5 p. Only buyers are disappointed that they do not write the composition on a jar.
